Abnormal Psychology

Study Guide                                                                                                   Exam 1, Chpt. 1-5

 

Chapter 1 – Abnormal Psychology Past and Present

Discuss the difficulty associated with defining “abnormal” behavior.

What factors are generally included in a definition of abnormality?

In general be able to discuss the different historical views of abnormality and how the view affected treatment.

Discuss the current trends in defining and treating abnormal behavior.

Describe the method of inquiry used in the field of abnormal psychology and limitations associated with application of that method to humans.

Define and discuss the advantages and limitations of the following methods of study:

            Case study

            Correlational method

            Experimental Method

Chapter 2 – Models of Abnormality

Biological Model

In general discuss anatomical factors in the brain that may contribute to abnormal behavior.

Discuss the variations in brain anatomy that may contribute to abnormal behavior

Discuss the biochemical factors that may contribute to abnormal behavior.

Neurons: method of transmission of neurological messages and the role of neurotransmitters.

Discuss the following biological therapies

Drug Therapy: (general effect ; do not need to identify specific drugs or trade names)

                        Antianxiety drugs

                        Antidepressant drugs

                        Antibipolar drugs

                        Antipsychotic drugs

            Electroconvulsive Therapy

            Psychosurgery

            Discuss some of the pros and cons of the biological therapies

Psychodynamic Model

            Id, ego, superego

            Three levels of consciousness

            Purpose of defense mechanisms (repression, denial, projection, displacement, reaction formation, and rationalization)

            Personality features associated with fixation at each of the psychosexual stages

Behavioral Model

            Classical Conditioning

            Operant Conditioning

Social Cognitive Theory                    

Cognitive Model

How does this model explain the cause of abnormal behavior and what treatments are used in this model?

Humanistic-Existential Model (not Gestalt)

How does this model explain the cause of abnormal behavior and what treatments are used in this model?

Sociocultural model: in general describe the focus of the social cultural model.

Describe some of the broader sociocultural factors that are believed to impact abnormal behavior

Chapter 3 – Clinical Assessment

What is the purpose of clinical assessment?

Discuss the following components of assessment (uses, cautions, etc.)

            Clinical Interviews     

                        Structured

                        Unstructured

            Clinical Tests (be able to match a description to each of the following)

                        Projective tests

                        Personality inventories

                        Psychophysiological tests

Neuropsychological tests

                        Intelligence tests        

            Clinical observations

What is the purpose of diagnosis?

What is the DSM-IV and how is it used?

Define the multi-axial system—what type of diagnosis goes on each axis?

Discuss some of the dangers associated with over-reliance on diagnosis

In general—is treatment effective?

Is one form of treatment clearly more effective than other forms?

 

Chapters 4 & 5 – Anxiety Disorders

Within each of the general categories of psychological disorders covered in this section be able to list each of the diagnoses discussed in class and describe the major features.

            Anxiety Disorders

                        Generalized Anxiety Disorder

                        Phobias (agoraphobia, social phobia, and specific phobia)

                        Panic Disorder (with and without agoraphobia)

                        Obsessive-Compulsive disorder

                        Stress Disorders

                                    Acute stress disorder

                                    Posttraumatic stress disorder

Be able to provide the most salient explanation for the etiology (cause) of the disorder and describe the most beneficial treatment approaches.  (Only for those disorders that etiology and treatment were discussed)

 

Be able to discuss the following terms in relation to the various anxiety disorders:

State anxiety

Trait anxiety

GABA

Norepinephrine

Obsession

Compulsion

Serotonin

Define psychophysiological disorders and identify some of the most common psychophysiological disorders

Discuss treatments (in general) for psychophysiological disorders.